2012年9月10日,核酸领域的重要杂志《核酸研究》(Nucleic Acids Research) 在线发表了生物物理研究所秦燕课题组和龚为民课题组合作的一项最新研究成果,该文章标题为Common chaperone activity in the G-domain of trGTPase protects L11–L12 interaction on the ribosom。此研究工作与本所娄继忠研究员,德国马普学会分子遗传研究所K. H. Nierhaus教授合作完成。
蛋白质合成的所有阶段,即翻译的起始、延长、终止和再循环,都受到核糖体翻译因子 (translational GTPases, trGTPases) 的调控。核糖体上,氨酰-tRNAs的入口处围绕着多个柔性很大的蛋白,包括核糖体蛋白L11和4-6拷贝的L7/L12,它们负责招募翻译因子并调节其活性。翻译因子trGTPases 被招募到核糖体上,开始通过G-domain 与L12-CTD相互作用,然后L11-NTD与L12-CTD相互作用。尽管有文献报道在cryo-EM结构中L12-CTD 与L11-NTD可能存在相互作用,但受其分辨率限制(11埃),它们之间结构与功能的关系尚不明晰。
秦燕研究组通过同源重组、定点突变、生物化学及结构生物学等技术,首次证实了L12-CTD 与L11-NTD间的相互作用。在翻译因子被招募过程中, L11-NTD的loop62区域插入到L12-CTD的缝隙中,致使后者处于“open”的构象并使其疏水核心暴露出来,此时的L12-CTD构象极不稳定。进一步研究发现,所有trGTPases的G-domain都具有分子伴侣活性,并且在因子招募过程中能稳定L11-L12间的相互作用。在此基础上,提出了蛋白翻译过程中“Support-and-Protect”新的理论模型。
该项研究工作得到了国际同行的高度评价。美国科学院院士Joachim Frank,Jennifer Doudna,著名核糖体学者Akira Kaji等都在该文章的发表过程中给出过建议、评价。该项研究工作得到了国家科技部、国家基金委、诺和诺德-中科院联合基金的资助。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1093/nar/gks833
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Common chaperone activity in the G-domain of trGTPase protects L11–L12 interaction on the ribosome
Dandan Zhang, Guangqiao Liu, Jiaying Xue, Jizhong Lou, Knud H. Nierhaus, Weimin Gong and Yan Qin
Translational GTPases (trGTPases) regulate all phases of protein synthesis. An early event in the interaction of a trGTPase with the ribosome is the contact of the G-domain with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of ribosomal protein L12 (L12-CTD) and subsequently interacts with the N-terminal domain of L11 (L11-NTD). However, the structural and functional relationships between L12-CTD and L11-NTD remain unclear. Here, we performed mutagenesis, biochemical and structural studies to identify the interactions between L11-NTD and L12-CTD. Mutagenesis of conserved residues in the interaction site revealed their role in the docking of trGTPases. During docking, loop62 of L11-NTD protrudes into a cleft in L12-CTD, leading to an open conformation of this domain and exposure of hydrophobic core. This unfavorable situation for L12-CTD stability is resolved by a chaperone-like activity of the contacting G-domain. Our results suggest that all trGTPases—regardless of their different specific functions—use a common mechanism for stabilizing the L11-NTD.L12-CTD interactions.