据《印度时报》报道,近日新加坡一医学研究小组在“清洁”人体胚胎干细胞技术上获得重大突破,该小组研究人员称,他们发现了一种可以起到“清洁”人体胚胎干细胞的技术,如若该技术能最终应用在临床上,那么这将为抵抗癌症、修复受损人体组织起到相当重要的作用。
新加坡研究人员介绍说,人体胚胎干细胞能够生长分化成为各种器官及组织,并最终形成整个人体。但是,有研究表明,未能分化的残余干细胞最终可能形成致癌细胞,从而带来危害。最近在《干细胞杂志》(stem cells)上,发表了他们的最新研究成果,该研究小组称,他们培育出了具有一些特殊抗体的细胞组织,利用这些抗体,他们成功的杀死了实验小鼠身上的残余的干细胞(即可发生癌变的细胞)。该团队的研究人员周(Andre Choo)称:“人体自身许多的胚胎干细胞具有相当强的分化能力,比如说心脏细胞,同时这些细胞中的残留细胞可能会形成癌细胞。”他同时还举例说:“假设我们培养出来了一个组织或者是器官,该组织95%以上的细胞都是已经分化了的细胞,但是还剩下5%的残留干细胞,那么这将带来一系列的问题(癌变)。”而根据该研究团队的最新成果,成功利用这种特殊抗体来杀死这些残留干细胞将大大降低癌变的风险。该团队成功的将预先在老鼠体内产生的抗体添加到培育好的胚胎干细胞中,结果发现,在短短的30分钟时间内,未分化的残留干细胞全部被杀死,而已经分化完毕的主要细胞却毫发无损。
随后,研究人员又利用该抗体,在一组老鼠的体内进行了实验,同时对另一组老鼠只注射没经过处理的胚胎干细胞,结果发现,注射过该特殊抗体的一组老鼠在20周的时间内均未发现有癌细胞的出现,而在另一组老鼠体内则检测到了癌细胞。由此,科学家认为,他们所培育的抗体起到了清除残留干细胞或者是“癌”细胞的作用,这一技术的发现无疑会带来一个巨大的进步,如果这项技术能最终应用在临床上,那么抵抗癌症将不再是困扰人类的难题。
生物谷推荐原始出处:
stem cell First published online March 20, 2008
Selection Against Undifferentiated Human Embryonic Stem Cells by a Cytotoxic Antibody Recognizing Podocalyxin-like Protein-1
Andre B. Choo 1*, Heng Liang Tan 1, Sheu Ngo Ang 1, Wey Jia Fong 1, Angela Chin 1, Jennifer Lo 1, Lu Zheng 1, Hannes Hentze 2, Robin J Philp 1, Steve K. W. Oh 1, Miranda Yap 1
1 Bioprocessing Technology Institute, 20 Biopolis Way, Centros, #06-01, Singapore 138668
2 ES Cell International, 11 Biopolis Way, #05–06 Helios Building, 138667 Singapore, Republic of Singapore
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: andre_choo@bti.a-star.edu.sg .
abstract
Future therapeutic applications of differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESC) carry a risk of teratoma formation by contaminating undifferentiated hESC. We generated 10 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against surface antigens of undifferentiated hESC, showing strong reactivity against undifferentiated, but not differentiated hESC (embryoid bodies). The mAbs did not cross react with mouse fibroblasts, and showed weak to no reactivity against human embryonal carcinoma cells. Notably, one antibody (mAb 84) is cytotoxic to undifferentiated hESC and NCCIT cells in a concentration-dependent, complement-independent manner. mAb 84 induced cell death of undifferentiated, but not differentiated hESC within 30 min of incubation, and immunoprecipitation of the mAb-antigen complex revealed that the antigen is podocalyxin-like protein-1. Importantly, we observed absence of tumor formation when hESC and NCCIT cells were treated with mAb 84 prior to transplantation into SCID mice. Our data indicate that mAb 84 may be useful in eliminating residual hESC from differentiated cells populations for clinical applications.