接种疫苗是预防传染病的极为有效的策略，但是这种预防或治疗的效果可能需要数天到数周才能生效。理想的免疫接种应该是即时的，而且可以应对毒素和恶性细菌。
Carlos Barbas及其同事报告了一个提供即时免疫的系统，他们的系统通过用专门的衔接分子改造自然抗体而起作用，然后这可以把免疫细胞导向目标。这组科学家报告说注射了这种衔接分子的小鼠导致了抗体形成，后者自然地结合起来并且可以针对癌细胞。当小鼠接受特定的结肠癌和黑色素瘤移植之后，这些衔接分子锁住了肿瘤，引发了它们的灭亡。这组作者说这种"可编程疫苗接种"的优点是，除了可以对付各种癌症，它可能有效应对一大类病毒病原体，例如艾滋病病毒和流感病毒。这组作者说，这种方法还可能提供一个应对生物恐怖主义的策略。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推荐原始出处：
PNAS March 2, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0900147106
Instant immunity through chemically programmable vaccination and covalent self-assembly
Mikhail Popkov, Beatriz Gonzalez, Subhash C. Sinha and Carlos F. Barbas III,1
The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and the Departments of Molecular Biology and Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
Abstract
The ability to instantly create a state of immunity as achieved in the passive transfer of hyperimmune globulin has had a tremendous impact on public health. Unlike passive immunization, active immunization, which is the foundation of vaccinology, is an anticipatory strategy with inherent limitations. Here we show that elements of active and passive immunization can be combined to create an effective chemistry-driven approach to vaccinology. Reactive immunization was used to create a reservoir of covalent polyclonal antibodies in 3 mouse strains that were subsequently engrafted with syngeneic CT26 colon or B16F10 melanoma tumors. Upon administration of designed integrin αvβ3 and αvβ5 adapter ligands, the induced covalent polyclonal antibodies self-assembled with the adapter ligands and the animals mounted an instant, chemically programmed, polyclonal response against the implanted tumors. Significant therapeutic responses were observed without recourse to adjuvant therapy. The chemically programmed immune responses were driven by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-directed cytotoxicity. We suggest that this type of chemistry-driven approach to vaccinology is underexplored and may provide routes to vaccines to protect against diseases that have proven intractable to biology-driven vaccine approaches.
