图片说明:人体能确定B细胞的最优数量(绿色为B细胞受体,橙色圆柱体为BlyS)。
(图片来源:Michael P. Cancro, Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine)
美国科学家近日通过研究,阐明了人体如何确定血液中是否存在足够的成熟B细胞,以产生抗体抵御细菌感染。这一发现对于移植医学和自身免疫性疾病的治疗具有重要意义。相关论文11月2日在线发表于《自然—免疫学》(Nature Immunology)。
美国宾夕法尼亚大学医学院的Michael P. Cancro和同事发现,一种名为BlyS的蛋白绑定到B细胞表面的受体上,当循环中的BlyS越多,成熟B细胞就越多。通过向免疫系统中添加BlyS,调控成熟B细胞生成数量的“刹车”就会变松弛。另一方面,人体还能通过这一平衡中的其它受体阻止B细胞的存活,借以预防狼疮等自身免疫性疾病。
Cancro说:“人体中含有稳定数量的B细胞被认为是正常的。我们发现,B细胞表面上的两种受体间的分子交谈(crosstalk)平衡了某种需要——存在足够的B细胞以实现有益的免疫响应,同时预防自身免疫性。”
这一研究揭示了这两种受体间复杂的相互影响。这使得它们能够整合信号,但却彼此矛盾。研究人员说:“一个受体向细胞核发送信号说,‘是的,保持存活,身体需要更多的B细胞’;而另一个说,‘等等,小心哪些B细胞应该存活’。”
另外,研究人员还发现,如果BlyS受到抑制,大多数B细胞都会死亡。但是有些B细胞仍然存活,这些B细胞负责记忆人体接种过什么以及遭受了什么样的感染风险。
研究人员表示,这些发现最终将导致一种医学干预,即在自身免疫性疾病的预防、诊断及治疗中调节B细胞的行为。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Nature Immunology,doi:10.1038/ni.1666,Jason E Stadanlick,Michael P Cancro
Tonic B cell antigen receptor signals supply an NF-κB substrate for prosurvival BLyS signaling
Jason E Stadanlick1, Mary Kaileh2, Fredrick G Karnell1, Jean L Scholz1, Juli P Miller1, William J Quinn III1, Randall J Brezski1, Laura S Treml1, Kimberly A Jordan3, John G Monroe1, Ranjan Sen2 & Michael P Cancro1
Abstract
The survival of transitional and mature B cells requires both the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and BLyS receptor 3 (BR3), which suggests that these receptors send signals that are nonredundant or that engage in crosstalk with each other. Here we show that BCR signaling induced production of the nonclassical transcription factor NF-κB pathway substrate p100, which is required for transmission of BR3 signals and thus B cell survival. The capacity for sustained p100 production emerged during transitional B cell differentiation, the stage at which BCR signals begin to mediate survival rather than negative selection. Our findings identify a molecular mechanism for the reliance of primary B cells on continuous BR3 and BCR signaling, as well as for the gradual resistance to negative selection that is acquired during B cell maturation.
1 Deparment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
2 Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
3 Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.