中科院生态环境研究中心的最新研究证实，退耕还林还草是黄土高原地区生态系统固碳增加的主要原因，八年间黄土高原生态系统固碳量增加了96.1Tg（百万吨）。相关研究成果日前在线发布于《自然》旗下的《科学报告》。
据介绍，生态环境研究中心傅伯杰研究组，联合遥感地球所吴炳方课题组，将遥感监测和生态系统模型模拟相结合，定量研究了退耕还林还草前后黄土高原地区生态系统固碳服务的变化规律。研究表明：2000～2008年期间黄土高原地区生态系统固碳量增加了96.1 Tg（相当于2006年全国碳排放的6.4%）。该区域生态系统已从碳源转变为碳汇。
研究证实了退耕还林还草是该区域生态系统固碳增加的主要原因，植被固碳增加的最高值出现在年均降水为500毫米左右的地区。
专家建议，为使生态系统恢复获得最大投入产出效益，应根据当地的降水条件选择适宜的植被恢复类型。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐的英文摘要
Scientific Reports doi:10.1038/srep02846
How ecological restoration alters ecosystem services: an analysis of carbon sequestration in China's Loess Plateau
Xiaoming Feng,Bojie Fu,Nan Lu,Yuan Zeng & Bingfang Wu
Restoring disturbed and over-exploited ecosystems is important to mitigate human pressures on natural ecosystems. China has launched an ambitious national ecosystem restoration program called Grain to Green Program (GTGP) over the last decade. By using remote sensing techniques and ecosystem modelling, we quantitatively evaluated the changes in ecosystem carbon sequestration since China's GTGP program during period of 2000–2008. It was found the NPP and NEP in this region had steadily increased after the initiative of the GTGP program, and a total of 96.1 Tg of additional carbon had been sequestered during that period. Changes in soil carbon storage were lagged behind and thus insignificant over the period, but was expected to follow in the coming decades. As a result, the Loess Plateau ecosystem had shifted from a net carbon source in 2000 to a net carbon sink in 2008. The carbon sequestration efficiency was constrained by precipitation, and appropriate choices of restoration types (trees, shrubs, and grasses) in accordance to local climate are critical for achieving the best benefit/cost efficiency.
