为了揭示黑土侵蚀对作物生产力的影响及其响应机制，中科院东北地理与农业生态研究所农田分子生态学科组苗淑杰副研究员等基于人为剥离表层黑土及其修复的长期定位试验（2005年在海伦市建立），在初步证实土壤侵蚀降低玉米大豆产量，而牛粪肥提升作物生产力的基础上，选择了长期试验中的3个模拟侵蚀水平，即表土剥离0、10和30cm，结合两个土壤修复方法：一是按照当地农民施肥习惯仅施用化肥，二是在化肥的基础上施用1，5000kg ha-1(以干重计)牛粪肥，分析了长期施用牛粪肥对玉米和大豆田土壤中低分子量有机酸的影响。
结果表明，与单施化肥处理相比，7年连续施用牛粪肥显著增加了根际和非根际土壤中主要低分子量有机酸总量，其中，根际土壤中增加了9-70倍，非根际土壤增加了6-62倍。玉米区和大豆区土壤中各主要低分子量有机酸增加的程度不同，玉米区低分子量有机酸增加的趋势表现为草酸>苹果酸>丙二酸>乳酸>马来酸，大豆区表现为草酸>苹果酸>马来酸>乳酸。比较而言，施用牛粪肥和表土剥离对玉米区土壤低分子量有机酸含量的影响强于大豆区。此外，研究还发现表土剥离和连续七年施用牛粪肥对土壤溶液中主要低分子量有机酸含量的影响机制不同，两者无直接联系。
上述研究结果表明，通过施用牛粪肥增加土壤中低分子量有机酸来调整土壤生物学特性是修复中国侵蚀黑土的一项有效措施。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推荐的英文摘要
Plant and Soil DOI:10.1007/s11104-013-1594-3
Seven years of repeated cattle manure addition to eroded Chinese Mollisols increase low-molecular-weight organic acids in soil solution
Shu-jie Miao， Hai Shi， Guang-hua Wang， Jian Jin， Ju-dong Liu，Ke-qin Zhou， Yu-yue Sui， Xiao-bing Liu
Background and aims
Organic amendments are an option in enhancing soil biological productivity. Limited research exists on the effects of long-term cattle manure addition on low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) concentrations in corn (Zea mays L) and soybean (Glycine max L.) fields in the region of soil erosion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential influence of cattle manure on the LMWOAs concentration in erosion soil.
Methods
A field experiment was established in Hailun city， Northeast China to determine the impact of long-term cattle manure addition on the total amounts of main LMWOAs in eroded Mollisol fields. There were three levels of simulated-erosion， which removed 0， 10 and 30 cm of topsoil. Two soil amendments were： (1) chemical fertilizer at the rate normally used by farmers in the region and (2) chemical fertilizer plus 15，000 kg？ha？1 (dry weight basis) of cattle manure. Main LMWOAs in soil were assessed at the flowering stage of soybean and the jointing stage of corn.
Principle results
Compared to chemical fertilizer alone， 7-years of repeated cattle manure addition significantly increased total amounts of main LMWOAs in rhizosphere about 9–70 times and bulk soil about 6–62 times. The magnitude of increase by cattle manure was in the order of oxalate>malate>malonate>lactate>maleate in corn plots， and oxalate>malate>malonate>lactate in soybean plots. In comparison， cattle manure and topsoil removal had larger effect on LMWOAs concentrations in corn plot than soybean plot. The addition of cattle manure application and top soil removal had significant independent influence on main LMWOAs concentration in soil solution.
Conclusion
This study suggested that addition of cattle manure would be an effective approach in modifying soil biological properties through the increases in low-molecular-weight organic acids to eroded Chinese Mollisols.
