据12月11日的《科学》杂志报道说, 一项在跨越整个亚洲的近2000人中所做的大规模的遗传变异研究表明,该大陆的人口主要是通过某单一的迁徙活动而形成的。 据Jin Li和本文的共同作者披露,亚洲是面积最大且人口最多的大陆。该大陆有着显著的文化和语言上的多元性。但是人们对该大陆的人类遗传学变异的模式却不甚了解。 这些被通称为HUGO Pan-Asian SNP Consortium的研究人员分析了代表了73个亚洲和2个非亚洲人群中的个体遗传变异。
分析的结果显示,在所有的亚洲人群中存在着相当可观的相互关联性,其中包括那些先前根据语言学、文化和人种学的证据认为没有通婚关系的人群。 研究人员还发现,就遗传学的相互关联性来说,那些来自相同语言组的人群容易簇集在一起(尽管有数个例外),而非按照地理上的比邻关系而簇集在一起;从而提示,人群的混合或是相当近期的事件,或是他们采纳了不同的语言。 人们曾经就亚洲移民活动是通过两起殖民浪潮(一次是向东南亚的移民以及后来的向中亚和东北亚的一次移民),或是仅仅只有单独一次的人群迁徙存在着争论。 这些新的结果与第二种情景相一致,它们意味着亚洲的主要基因库来自现代人类的某一单个的起初的进入,可能接着而来的是一个遍及整个大陆的从南至北的迁徙。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Science 11 December 2009:DOI: 10.1126/science.1177074
Mapping Human Genetic Diversity in Asia
The HUGO Pan-Asian SNP Consortium*,
Asia harbors substantial cultural and linguistic diversity, but the geographic structure of genetic variation across the continent remains enigmatic. Here we report a large-scale survey of autosomal variation from a broad geographic sample of Asian human populations. Our results show that genetic ancestry is strongly correlated with linguistic affiliations as well as geography. Most populations show relatedness within ethnic/linguistic groups, despite prevalent gene flow among populations. More than 90% of East Asian (EA) haplotypes could be found in either Southeast Asian (SEA) or Central-South Asian (CSA) populations and show clinal structure with haplotype diversity decreasing from south to north. Furthermore, 50% of EA haplotypes were found in SEA only and 5% were found in CSA only, indicating that SEA was a major geographic source of EA populations.
* All authors with their affiliations appear at the end of this paper.