嗜热四膜虫(T. thermophila)磷酸化修饰位点特征与人类(H. sapiens)及恶性疟原虫(P. faciparum)的比较
基于转录组数据(Gene Network)及磷酸化蛋白质组数据(Kinase Recognition Motif)预测的嗜热四膜虫蛋白质磷酸化信号通路范例
11月7日,国际蛋白质组学领域刊物Molecular & Cellular Proteomics在线发表了题为Phosphoproteomic analysis of protein phosphorylation networks in Tetrahymena thermophila, a Model Single-Celled Organism的研究论文,该研究成果由中国科学院水生生物研究所原生动物功能基因组学学科组、水生生物蛋白质组学科组与生物物理研究所蛋白质科学研究平台合作完成。
在真核和原核细胞中,为了迅速感知并应对细胞内外环境变化,细胞通常借助可逆的蛋白质翻译后修饰来进行信号传导和对蛋白质功能、亚细胞定位等的调节。作为研究最广泛的蛋白质翻译后修饰——蛋白质磷酸化修饰,其影响了人类细胞中超过1/3的蛋白质的功能。近来,随着磷酸化肽段富集手段和高精度生物质谱发展,蛋白质磷酸化修饰位点的鉴定从数量和精度上得到了长足发展;然而,如何将这些磷酸化蛋白质与催化其磷酸化的蛋白质激酶一一对应成为了近年来该领域的热点和难点问题。
本研究以具有1069个蛋白质激酶(人类仅为518个)的单细胞真核模式生物——嗜热四膜虫为研究对象,利用TiO2对磷酸化肽段进行了富集,并利2D(SCX/RP)-nanoLC-MS/MS技术度鉴定得到1008个蛋白质的2238个磷酸化修饰位点。通过深入的生物信息学分析得出:(1)嗜热四膜虫磷酸化蛋白质参与了细胞中物质运输、基因表达调控等多个重要生物学过程;(2)嗜热四膜虫磷酸化位点周围的氨基酸排布模式(Phosphorylation Motif)与寄生原生生物恶性疟原虫及人类存在一些进化上保守的模式,既符合一些蛋白质激酶的催化特征,也具有嗜热四膜虫所特有的排布模式;(3)通过结合基于嗜热四膜虫转录组数据构建的Gene Network以及基于蛋白质磷酸化修饰数据集分析得出的Kinase Recognition Motif,预测了潜在的“蛋白质激酶——磷酸化蛋白质”的作用对。
该研究成果首次从蛋白质组学层面对嗜热四膜虫的蛋白质磷酸化修饰进行了分析,不仅揭示了嗜热四膜虫磷酸化修饰位点所具有的进化上保守的特征和物种特异性的特征,还结合转录组数据对潜在的“蛋白质激酶——磷酸化蛋白质”作用关系进行了预测,对后续嗜热四膜虫蛋白质磷酸化调控功能和调控网络的研究奠定了基础。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐的英文摘要
Molecular & Cellular Proteomics doi: 10.1074/mcp.M112.026575
Phosphoproteomic analysis of protein phosphorylation networks in Tetrahymena thermophila, a Model Single-Celled Organism
Miao Tian1, Xiulan Chen1, Qian Xiong1, Jie Xiong1, Chuanle Xiao2, Feng Ge1, Fuquan Yang1 and Wei Miao1,*
Tetrahymena thermophila is a widely used unicellular eukaryotic model organism in biological research and contains more than 1000 protein kinases and phosphatases with specificity for Ser/Thr/Tyr residues. However, only a few dozen phosphorylation sites in T. thermophila are known, presenting a major obstacle for further understanding the regulatory roles of reversible phosphorylation in this organism. In this study, we used high accuracy mass spectrometry-based proteomics to conduct global and site-specific phosphoproteome profiling of T. thermophila. In total, 1384 phosphopeptides and 2238 phosphorylation sites from 1008 T. thermophila proteins were identified through the combined use of peptide prefractionation, TiO2 enrichment, and 2D-LC-MS/MS analysis. The identified phosphoproteins are implicated in the regulation of various biological processes such as transport, gene expression, and mRNA metabolic process. Moreover, integrated analysis of the T. thermophila phosphoproteome and gene network reveals the potential biological functions for many previously unannotated proteins and predicts several putative kinase-substrate pairs. Our data provide the first global survey of phosphorylation in T. thermophila by using a phosphoproteomic approach, and suggests a wide-ranging regulatory scope of this modification. The provided dataset is a valuable resource for the future understanding of signaling pathways in this important model organism.