近日，研究表明基因可能对成功的生活起到关键作用，相关研究论文刊登在Journal of Personality杂志上。
新的研究表明基因在形成性格特征如自我控制、决策或社交性中发挥更大的作用。
这项超过800对双胞胎的研究发现，基因比一个人的家庭环境及周边地区对关键性格的塑造有影响力。
爱丁堡进行了该项研究，大学心理学家们认为基因影响的性格特征很可能是在一个人生活中成功与否的关键。
在这项研究中，50岁及以上的参试者采用了一系列的问题以测试他们如何感知自己和他人。问题包括“你受有强烈意见的人的影响吗？你失望于你在生活中的成就吗？
根据Ryff心理幸福感量表评估和标准化这些特征后，研究人员测量了结果。
通过跟踪他们的答案，研究小组发现同卵双胞胎，其DNA是完全相同的，其可能分享性状与非异卵双胞胎相比有明显差异。心理学家说，因为遗传基因联系越强，就越有可能具备某些性格特征。（生物谷：Bioon.com）
doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00787.x
PMC:
PMID:
Genetic influences on psychological well-being: A nationally representative twin study
Despina Archontaki1, Gary J. Lewis1, Timothy C. Bates1,2,*
OBJECTIVE: Psychological well-being, or eudaimonia, features strongly in theories of human development and thriving. However, the factors of eudaimonia are debated, and their genetic architecture has not been studied in detail.
METHOD: A classical twin design was used to decompose behavioral variance into genetic and environmental components implemented in a multi-group, multivariate structural equation modeling framework. Subjects were 837 pairs of adult US twins from the nationally representative MIDUS II sample. Psychological well-being was measured using the 42-item Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale, which assesses autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance.
RESULTS: Substantial genetic influences were observed on all components of well-being. Attempts to model these 6-factors as reflecting a single common psychological mechanism gave a poor fit to the data. The best-fitting model supported the existence of five distinct genetic effects. Effects of shared-environment were weak and non-significant. Unique-environment effects for all measures were mostly trait specific.
CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that psychological well-being is underpinned by a general genetic factor influencing self-control, and four underlying biological mechanisms enabling the psychological capabilities of purpose, agency, growth, and positive social relations.
